Joint Amplitude‐Phase Coding Spatiotemporal Metasurface for Integrated Sensing and Camouflage

ABSTRACT Spatiotemporal modulated metasurfaces (STMMs) hold great promise for integrating electromagnetic (EM) sensing and radar camouflage to enhance battlefield survivability, yet existing STMM‐based methods remain constrained by limited array scalability, inadequate jamming efficacy, and insufficient functional integration. Here, a joint amplitude‐phase coding (JAPC) STMM architecture is proposed that establishes a highly compatible and reconfigurable platform for EM sensing and camouflage. First, a ternary JAPC weighing matrix is introduced to enable high‐precision direction sensing across arbitrarily scalable arrays, thereby markedly enhancing overall system adaptability and deployment flexibility. Then, precise time‐delay control is harnessed to realize retrodirective jamming, whereby the jamming beam is steered precisely back along the incident direction of the probing signal. Lastly, an interleaved JAPC modulation scheme is devised to simultaneously suppress fundamental harmonic energy and nullify advanced signal recovery techniques, while sustaining robust camouflage performance in the presence of realistic perturbations in reflection characteristics. Collectively, these three capabilities form a self‐contained closed‐loop system that unifies EM sensing, decision‐making, and adaptive camouflage. Simulation and experimental results jointly validate the effectiveness of the proposed architecture, offering a low‐complexity, highly adaptive EM countermeasure solution for next‐generation combat platforms.