Remote Adiabatic Controlled-Z Gate between Distant Superconducting Qubits

Abstract Direct entangling gates between spatially separated qubits are a key capability for modular quantum computing. They enable nonlocal quantum circuits to be executed across different processor modules, thereby alleviating single-chip scaling constraints and expanding the effective connectivity of the system. Here, we propose and numerically investigate a remote adiabatic controlled-Z gate between two frequency-tunable superconducting qubits connected by a multi-mode coaxial cable. The cable-mediated interaction enables the gate to be implemented without additional tunable couplers, preserving a simple circuit architecture. For a 30-cm cable, simulations incorporating ten standing-wave modes yield a gate infidelity of 4.71×10 -7 with a duration of 376.7 ns in the absence of decoherence. When qubit decoherence and cable loss are included, the gate infidelity is 6.37×10 -3 for representative coherence parameters. Moreover, the gate maintains high fidelity under qubit-frequency fluctuations and millimeter-scale cable-length variations. Calculations for 50- and 100-cm cable situations demonstrate its potential for even larger cryogenic systems. These results provide a promising approach to extending high-fidelity quantum operations beyond individual chips and toward scalable, interconnected superconducting quantum processors.