Time=Space – An Expansion of the Concept of Time and Reflections on Gravity

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Authors

Publication Details

Journal
Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)
Published
2026-09-17
DOI
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.22814056
Primary Topic
Relativity and Gravitational Theory
Type
article
Field-Weighted Citation Impact
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article

Time=Space – An Expansion of the Concept of Time and Reflections on Gravity

Detmar Ohlenroth
Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)
Relativity and Gravitational Theory
article

Time=Space – An Expansion of the Concept of Time and Reflections on Gravity

Detmar Ohlenroth
article en

Abstract

According to the Big Bang theory, the cosmos is undergoing constant three-dimensional, spherical expansion. This must also apply to time (T) and to light, with its speed (c). Through the relationship R = c*T, space and time are coupled via the speed of light (c). Based on this, the author hypothesizes that R and T are fundamentally identical, and that time, too, operates in three dimensions, forming a constantly expanding sphere. The surface of this "time sphere" represents the present; it envelops the past and moves, together with space, into the future. In this process, the spatial surface of the present recedes at the speed of light into the "not-yet", the future. There is cosmic corroboration for this escapism—backed by concrete figures—that elevates the hypothesis to the level of a nearcertain theory, including: a) Ole Rømer’s 1676 measurement of the time it takes for light to travel from Jupiter to Earth, b) the calculation of the perihelion precession of Mercury’s orbit, c) the time dilation (slowing of clocks) observed on the ISS, d) anomalies observed in space probes (Pioneer anomalies). Special Relativity (SR) leads to a time-delay factor of (1-v²/c²)¹/². According to the time=space hypothesis (TS) developed here, however, there is—from a different perspective—a time-extension factor of (1+v²/c²)¹/². The difference between the two is, as a rule, immeasurably small, even at cosmic speeds. Ultimately, this means that all bodies—whether at rest or in motion—move into the future at the speed of light; an elusive yet logical consequence of the Big Bang. Since the surface area of the space-time sphere grows quadratically—that is, with acceleration—all masses experience a constant acceleration associated with forces. These forces manifest as gravity, leading to a deciphering and interpretation of the gravitational constant.

Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)
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Relativity and Gravitational Theory
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