Numerical investigation of liquefied petroleum gas combustion influenced by an innovative crossflow slot burner for enhanced combustion characteristics

This simulation study investigates the effects of hole diameter (D = 2.0, 2.5, and 3.0 mm), hole height (L = 2.0 and 6.0 mm), and hole configuration (single-row and double-row) on flow characteristics, mixture mass fraction (MMF), and flame characteristics such as temperature distribution in a CFSB under non-premixed LPG combustion. The validation of the burner model was compared to the PBSB model. The results indicate that smaller hole diameters and a lower hole height (L = 2.0 mm) increase fuel jet velocity, enhance air entrainment, and enlarge the effective mixing area, leading to improved air–fuel mixing and more uniform flame temperature distribution. In contrast, increasing the greater hole height could reduce mixture velocity and temperature uniformity. Mixture mass fraction analysis shows that hole diameter has minimal influence on fuel concentration distribution; however, the CFSB configurations exhibit lower MMF near the burner surface than the PBSB, indicating more effective fuel utilisation. Although double-row configurations increase mixture velocity and average flame temperature, they reduce temperature uniformity and may induce airflow penetration into the fuel port, posing a potential risk of flashback and flame instability. Compared to the PBSB model, the CFSB model with smaller diameters and lower hole height (D2L2, D2.5L2, D3L2) enhanced air–fuel mixing, resulting in higher flame temperatures. The findings of combustion characteristics could apply to improve combustion efficiency and support emission reduction in industrial applications.