Timing and trajectory of acute kidney injury predict mortality in alcohol-associated hepatitis: A multinational cohort study.

BACKGROUND: Acute kidney injury (AKI) is common in alcohol-associated hepatitis (AH) and associated with poor outcomes, yet the prognostic implications of AKI timing and early renal trajectory remain unclear. METHODS: In this prospective multicenter cohort from the Global AlcHep Prospective Database, patients with AH were classified as no AKI, prevalent AKI at admission, or incident AKI during hospitalization. The primary outcome was 90-day mortality, using competing-risks regression with liver transplantation as the competing event. A 7-day landmark analysis assessed the prognostic impact of AKI trajectory among prevalent AKI patients. RESULTS: Among 581 patients, 37% had prevalent AKI, and 11% developed incident AKI. The 90-day mortality was 18.2% (11 transplantations, 1.9%). Prevalent AKI was predominantly functional (84%), while incident AKI had a higher proportion of structural injury (44%). Despite lower baseline severity [median mDF 59.8 vs. 69.3 and lower rates of ACLF grade 3 (23.4% vs. 45.3%)], incident AKI conferred mortality of similar magnitude to prevalent AKI (sHR 2.18, 95% CI 1.19-3.99 vs. sHR 1.80, 95% CI 1.02-3.16). Among 7-day survivors (N=457), prevalent AKI without progression had mortality similar to no AKI (sHR 1.27, p=0.52), while prevalent AKI with progression carried the worst prognosis (sHR 3.34, 95% CI 1.44-7.77). CONCLUSION: Both prevalent and incident AKI independently predict mortality in AH. Incident AKI confers equivalent risk despite lower disease severity and a distinct etiologic profile with higher rates of intrinsic renal injury. Early renal trajectory refines risk beyond baseline AKI status, where absence of progression approximates outcomes of those without AKI, while progressive AKI identifies the highest-risk subgroup.

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PubMed
Published
2026-10-01
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1097/hc9.0000000000001047
Primary Topic
Alcohol Consumption and Health Effects
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article
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article

Timing and trajectory of acute kidney injury predict mortality in alcohol-associated hepatitis: A multinational cohort study.

Patrick S. Kamath, Luis Antonio Díaz, Kristina R. Chacko, Juan Pablo Roblero et al.
PubMed
Alcohol Consumption and Health Effects
article

Timing and trajectory of acute kidney injury predict mortality in alcohol-associated hepatitis: A multinational cohort study.

Patrick S. Kamath, Luis Antonio Díaz, Kristina R. Chacko, Juan Pablo Roblero, Sebastián Marciano, Jorge Arnold, Michał Kukla, Winston Dunn, Ramon A. Bataller, Manuel Mendizábal, Francisco Javier Idalsoaga, Jacqueline Córdova, Vijay H. Shah, Juan Pablo Arab, Marco A. Arrese, Arun Valsan, Daniela Simian, Pojsakorn Danpanichkul, Arun Jayant Sanyal, Ashwani Kumar Singal, Butros Fakhoury, Kriti Soni, Ximena Parraga, Omar Albhaisi, José Antonio Velarde-Ruiz Velasco, Maria Ayala-Valverde, Gowripriya Nair, Carolina Ramirez-Cadiz, Lubomir Skladaný, Ali Khan
article en

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Acute kidney injury (AKI) is common in alcohol-associated hepatitis (AH) and associated with poor outcomes, yet the prognostic implications of AKI timing and early renal trajectory remain unclear. METHODS: In this prospective multicenter cohort from the Global AlcHep Prospective Database, patients with AH were classified as no AKI, prevalent AKI at admission, or incident AKI during hospitalization. The primary outcome was 90-day mortality, using competing-risks regression with liver transplantation as the competing event. A 7-day landmark analysis assessed the prognostic impact of AKI trajectory among prevalent AKI patients. RESULTS: Among 581 patients, 37% had prevalent AKI, and 11% developed incident AKI. The 90-day mortality was 18.2% (11 transplantations, 1.9%). Prevalent AKI was predominantly functional (84%), while incident AKI had a higher proportion of structural injury (44%). Despite lower baseline severity [median mDF 59.8 vs. 69.3 and lower rates of ACLF grade 3 (23.4% vs. 45.3%)], incident AKI conferred mortality of similar magnitude to prevalent AKI (sHR 2.18, 95% CI 1.19-3.99 vs. sHR 1.80, 95% CI 1.02-3.16). Among 7-day survivors (N=457), prevalent AKI without progression had mortality similar to no AKI (sHR 1.27, p=0.52), while prevalent AKI with progression carried the worst prognosis (sHR 3.34, 95% CI 1.44-7.77). CONCLUSION: Both prevalent and incident AKI independently predict mortality in AH. Incident AKI confers equivalent risk despite lower disease severity and a distinct etiologic profile with higher rates of intrinsic renal injury. Early renal trajectory refines risk beyond baseline AKI status, where absence of progression approximates outcomes of those without AKI, while progressive AKI identifies the highest-risk subgroup.

PubMedVol. 10(10)
Texas Tech University (US), Western University (CA), Jagiellonian University (PL), Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences and Research Centre (IN), Mayo Clinic (US), Montefiore Medical Center (US), University of Louisville (US), Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile (CL), Slovak Medical University (SK), Virginia Commonwealth University (US), University of Pavol Jozef Šafárik (SK), London Health Sciences Centre (CA), Hospital Italiano de Buenos Aires (AR), University of California San Diego (US), Hospital Universitario Austral (AR), Montefiore Health System (US), Hospital General Dr. Manuel Gea Gonzalez (MX), Hospital Clínic de Barcelona (ES), Hospital Civil de Guadalajara (MX), University of Kansas Medical Center (US), Hospital Clínico de la Universidad de Chile (CL), Szpital Uniwersytecki w Krakowie (PL), University of Chile (CL), Virginia Commonwealth University Medical Center (US), Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center (US)
Good health and well-being
Openalex Percentile: Top 15%
Alcohol Consumption and Health Effects
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