Integrating Multi-Source Feedback in Computational Design

In real-world design practice, evaluations rarely rely on a single source of judgment. Designers routinely combine expert opinions, empirical studies, and computational models, each with distinct strengths and limitations. While machine learning offers methods to integrate multiple feedback sources, these approaches remain largely inaccessible to designers without technical expertise. In this paper, we explore how to integrate multiple feedback sources, primarily through: (1) a practical approach for multi-source integration, and (2) its implementation in Muse , a no-code tool that allows designers to combine and balance diverse sources. Our technical findings show that independent modeling of multiple evaluation sources enables exploration across heterogeneous feedback, accommodates different evaluation speeds, surfaces disagreements between sources, and supports an adaptable evaluation setup that designers can reconfigure during their process. In a visualization design study, participants navigated their own judgments alongside simulator feedback, reporting a perception of enhanced confidence and flexibility. Our results highlight the viability of multi-source integration to support computational design, offering a step toward bridging the gap between advanced optimization methods and design practice.

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Publication Details

Journal
ACM Transactions on Interactive Intelligent Systems
Published
2026-09-17
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1145/3848025
Primary Topic
Data Visualization and Analytics
Type
article
Field-Weighted Citation Impact
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article

Integrating Multi-Source Feedback in Computational Design

Antti Oulasvirta, Thomas Langerak, Mira Keränen, Francisco Erivaldo Fernandes et al.
ACM Transactions on Interactive Intelligent Systems
Data Visualization and Analytics
article

Integrating Multi-Source Feedback in Computational Design

Antti Oulasvirta, Thomas Langerak, Mira Keränen, Francisco Erivaldo Fernandes, Danqing Shi, Ardak Alipova
article en

Abstract

In real-world design practice, evaluations rarely rely on a single source of judgment. Designers routinely combine expert opinions, empirical studies, and computational models, each with distinct strengths and limitations. While machine learning offers methods to integrate multiple feedback sources, these approaches remain largely inaccessible to designers without technical expertise. In this paper, we explore how to integrate multiple feedback sources, primarily through: (1) a practical approach for multi-source integration, and (2) its implementation in Muse , a no-code tool that allows designers to combine and balance diverse sources. Our technical findings show that independent modeling of multiple evaluation sources enables exploration across heterogeneous feedback, accommodates different evaluation speeds, surfaces disagreements between sources, and supports an adaptable evaluation setup that designers can reconfigure during their process. In a visualization design study, participants navigated their own judgments alongside simulator feedback, reporting a perception of enhanced confidence and flexibility. Our results highlight the viability of multi-source integration to support computational design, offering a step toward bridging the gap between advanced optimization methods and design practice.

ACM Transactions on Interactive Intelligent Systems
Instituto Tecnológico de Aeronáutica (BR), Lund University (SE), Nazarbayev University (KZ), Aalto University (FI)
Openalex Percentile: Top 13%
Data Visualization and Analytics
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Integrating Multi-Source Feedback in Computational Design — Antti Oulasvirta, Thomas Langerak, et al. · ACM Transactions on Interactive Intelligent Systems (2026) | TGRS Research Map | TGRS