Supernormal Respondents Report Fewer Immature and Neurotic Defenses Compared to Credible Respondents
{"AIMS:":[0],"Defense":[1,61],"mechanisms":[2],"are":[3,18,25],"unconscious":[4],"strategies":[5],"used":[6],"to":[7,27,30,38,117,143],"manage":[8],"anxiety":[9],"triggered":[10],"by":[11],"unpleasant":[12],"emotions,":[13],"thoughts,":[14],"or":[15],"circumstances.":[16],"They":[17],"commonly":[19],"assessed":[20],"through":[21],"self-report":[22,141],"questionnaires,":[23],"which":[24,39],"known":[26],"be":[28,118],"susceptible":[29],"response":[31,46,137],"biases.":[32],"This":[33],"study":[34],"examined":[35],"the":[36,60,66,132],"extent":[37],"supernormality,":[40],"an":[41],"extreme":[42],"form":[43],"of":[44,50,56,95,106,123,134],"positive":[45],"bias,":[47],"affects":[48],"self-reports":[49],"defense":[51,108,145],"mechanisms.":[52,146],"METHODS:":[53],"A":[54],"total":[55],"840":[57],"participants":[58],"completed":[59],"Style":[62],"Questionnaire":[63],"(DSQ)":[64],"and":[65,78,98,126],"Supernormality":[67,115],"Scale-Revised":[68],"(SS-R).":[69],"Participants":[70],"were":[71],"categorized":[72],"into":[73],"a":[74,79],"\\"supernormal\\"":[75],"group":[76,81],"(26.4%)":[77],"\\"credible\\"":[80],"(73.6%)":[82],"based":[83],"on":[84],"their":[85],"SS-R":[86],"scores.":[87],"RESULTS:":[88],"Supernormal":[89],"respondents":[90],"reported":[91],"significantly":[92],"lower":[93,104],"use":[94,105],"both":[96,124],"neurotic":[97],"immature":[99],"defenses":[100],"as":[101,103],"well":[102],"most":[107],"styles,":[109],"compared":[110],"with":[111,120],"credible":[112],"respondents.":[113],"CONCLUSIONS:":[114],"seems":[116],"associated":[119],"systematic":[121],"under-reporting":[122],"adaptive":[125],"maladaptive":[127],"defenses.":[128],"These":[129],"findings":[130],"highlight":[131],"importance":[133],"accounting":[135],"for":[136],"bias":[138],"when":[139],"using":[140],"measures":[142],"assess":[144]}
Authors
- Ruth Van der Hallen (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6899-4898)
- Naz Kapoğlu
- Natacha Henriquez
Institutions
- Erasmus University Rotterdam (NL)
Publication Details
- Journal
- The Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease
- Published
- 2026-09-17
- DOI
- https://doi.org/10.1097/nmd.0000000000001898
- Primary Topic
- Personality Disorders and Psychopathology
- Type
- article
- Field-Weighted Citation Impact
- 0.00