EXPERIMENTAL RATIONALE FOR A DIFFERENTIATED TREATMENT STRATEGY IN BLUNT ABDOMINAL TRAUMA WITH INTESTINAL INJURY

Objective. To investigate experimentally the characteristics of intestinal and mesenteric injuries following blunt abdominal trauma of varying severity and to evaluate the outcomes of a differentiated treatment approach. Materials and methods. Blunt abdominal trauma was modeled in experimental animals using a controlled impact applied to the anterior abdominal wall. The first experimental series involved moderate intestinal and mesen­teric injuries without disruption of intestinal wall integrity. The second series reproduced more severe trauma associ­ated with mesenteric vascular injury and intra-abdominal hemorrhage. Treatment strategies were selected according to the nature of the injuries. Clinical condition, macroscopic abdominal changes, recovery of intestinal function, and postoperative complications were evaluated. Results. Moderate trauma resulted in intestinal wall and mesenteric hematomas without intestinal rupture or intra-abdominal bleeding. Adhesions, mesenteric deformation, and signs of impaired intestinal transit were observed during follow-up in the control group. Laser therapy was associated with earlier functional recovery and less pro­nounced macroscopic changes. Severe trauma caused mesenteric tears and hemorrhage requiring early surgical intervention. Conclusion. The experimental findings demonstrate differences in intestinal and mesenteric injury patterns according to trauma severity and support a differentiated approach to treatment selection.