Post transcriptional modification regulation of skeletal muscle TFEB protein nuclear cytoplasmic transport based on different exercise modes in computer biomedical research

BACKGROUND: The nuclear cytoplasmic transport and post transcriptional modification of TFEB protein in skeletal muscle are the core links regulating the autophagy lysosome system and mitochondrial function, and their response mechanisms to different motor modes are not fully understood. METHODS: The study analysed the subcellular localisation of TFEB using immunofluorescence technology, detected TFEB phosphorylation (Ser142/Ser211) levels and mTOR, AMPK/ULK1 signalling pathway related protein expression by Western blot, detected autophagy related genes (LC3B, Beclin-1, Atg5, etc.) mRNA levels by qPCR, and simultaneously detected lysosome and mitochondrial functional indicators. RESULTS: After exercise intervention, the expression of autophagy related genes was upregulated, lysosome function was enhanced. The above changes were most significant in the high-intensity interval group (P < 0.01). CONCLUSION: Different exercise modes differentially regulate TFEB phosphorylation modification and nuclear cytoplasmic transport, mediate mTOR-AMPK/ULK1 signalling pathway imbalance. Among them, high-intensity interval exercise has significant advantages in regulating TFEB signalling pathway and enhancing skeletal muscle metabolic adaptation.