Biomedical applications of poly (acrylonitrile-co-vinyl acetate) nanofibers functionalized with rhodamine-based Schiff base and its copper (II) complex

ions coordination enhances enzyme inhibition. DNA cleavage assay confirmed that none of the composites induced strand breaks. Antimicrobial and anti-biofilm evaluations showed that FBO/PAN markedly suppressed microbial growth and biofilm formation in a concentration-dependent manner, with CuFBO/PAN exhibiting the strongest effects, achieving complete inhibition at higher concentrations. Photodynamic therapy (PDT) experiments demonstrated 100% microbial suppression for both FBO/PAN and CuFBO/PAN, whereas PAN remained inactive. Overall, these findings established that FBO-functionalized PAN nanofibers, particularly their Cu(II) complexes, are multifunctional materials with potent antioxidant, antidiabetic, antimicrobial, anti-biofilm, and photodynamic antimicrobial properties, offering promising potential for biomedical and therapeutic applications.