Temporal and spatial patterns of the Sealed-to-Artificial area Ratio in European urban areas
{"Land":[0],"take":[1],"is":[2,11],"primarily":[3],"driven":[4],"by":[5],"urbanisation":[6],"and":[7,10,56,86,113,118,140,185,206,223,241],"infrastructure":[8],"development":[9,226],"closely":[12],"linked":[13],"to":[14,127,138,144,154,237,244],"soil":[15,20,59],"sealing,":[16],"which":[17],"involves":[18],"covering":[19],"with":[21,131,178,198,217],"impervious":[22],"materials.":[23],"Over":[24],"recent":[25],"decades,":[26],"both":[27],"processes":[28],"have":[29],"steadily":[30],"increased":[31,195],"in":[32,89,102,129,161,196],"European":[33,45,108,246],"urban":[34,147,172,213,239],"areas,":[35],"significantly":[36],"impacting":[37],"ecosystem":[38],"services.":[39],"To":[40,61],"stop":[41],"these":[42],"processes,":[43,68],"the":[44,63,66,71,81,103,107,111,179,186,228],"Commission":[46],"has":[47],"set":[48],"two":[49,67],"distinct":[50],"targets:":[51],"\\"no":[52],"net":[53,58],"land":[54,134,204,222],"take\\"":[55],"”no":[57],"sealing”.":[60],"examine":[62],"relationship":[64],"between":[65,83,116],"we":[69],"introduce":[70],"Sealed-to-Artificial":[72],"area":[73],"Ratio":[74],"(SAR),":[75],"a":[76,90,158,167,182,189,199,207,210,224],"novel":[77],"indicator":[78],"defined":[79],"as":[80,136,146,152],"ratio":[82],"sealed":[84],"areas":[85,88],"artificial":[87,203],"certain":[91],"region.":[92],"We":[93],"computed":[94],"SAR":[95,125,142,162,194],"for":[96],"661":[97],"Functional":[98],"Urban":[99],"Areas":[100],"(FUAs)":[101],"27":[104],"countries":[105],"of":[106,164,202,220],"Union":[109],"plus":[110],"UK,":[112],"its":[114],"change":[115],"2012":[117],"2018.":[119],"Two":[120],"hypotheses":[121],"were":[122],"tested:":[123],"(1)":[124],"tends":[126,143],"decrease":[128,160,184],"FUAs":[130,197],"predominant":[132],"agricultural":[133,221],"cover,":[135],"opposed":[137,153],"artificial;":[139],"(2)":[141],"increase":[145],"form":[148],"becomes":[149],"more":[150,211],"compact,":[151],"sprawling.":[155],"Results":[156],"show":[157],"general":[159],"(median":[163],"–0.36),":[165],"indicating":[166],"possible":[168],"trend":[169],"toward":[170],"lower-intensity":[171],"development.":[173],"However,":[174],"regional":[175],"variations":[176],"emerge,":[177],"UK-Ireland":[180],"showing":[181],"greater":[183],"Southern":[187],"region":[188],"smaller":[190],"reduction.":[191],"As":[192],"expected,":[193],"high":[200],"share":[201],"cover":[205],"tendency":[208],"towards":[209],"compact":[212],"form,":[214],"while":[215],"those":[216],"larger":[218],"availability":[219],"sprawling":[225],"showed":[227],"opposite":[229],"trend.":[230],"The":[231],"proposed":[232],"indicators":[233],"can":[234],"be":[235],"used":[236],"support":[238],"planning":[240],"local":[242],"policies":[243],"achieve":[245],"targets.":[247]}
Authors
- Chiara Cortinovis (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9612-4731)
- Davide Geneletti (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5528-3365)
- Silvia Frezzi (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0009-0002-0344-4355)
Institutions
- University of Trento (IT)
Publication Details
- Journal
- Land Use Policy
- Published
- 2026-09-17
- DOI
- https://doi.org/10.1016/j.landusepol.2026.108321
- Primary Topic
- Land Use and Ecosystem Services
- Type
- article
- Field-Weighted Citation Impact
- 0.00
Funders
- HORIZON EUROPE Framework Programme