Liposome Loaded With Yeast‐Derived Nanoparticles for the Enhanced Photothermal‐Immunotherapy of Malignant Lymphoma

Nanoparticles derived from various animals, plants, and microorganisms demonstrate potent application potential in the construction of functionalized pharmaceutic preparations, owing to their special in vivo behavioral and immune-stimulating effects. Yeast cell wall-derived nanoparticles (Ycws) can reverse the tumor immunosuppressive microenvironment via activating various cells related to anti-tumor immunity, while it is difficult to ensure the complete elimination of the treated tumors. Meanwhile, photothermal therapy (PTT) can effectively ablate the irradiated tumors with cell pyroptosis induction, while it has limited effect on the distant unirradiated tumors. Herein, Ycws and near-infrared light II photothermal agent IR1061 had been encapsulated by liposome to obtain Lipo@Ycws/IR1061 (LYI) for the local ablation of superficial lymphoma and efficient inhibition of the growth of distant tumors. LYI exhibited uniform morphology, good biological stability and outstanding photothermal conversion performance. Furthermore, LYI-mediated PTT triggered cell pyroptosis and eliminated the exposure tumors. Moreover, Ycws together with PTT-induced pyroptosis could reduce the growth of distant tumors via optimizing the tumor immune microenvironment, especially the maturation of DC cells and the anti-tumor polarization of macrophages. This study integrates the efficient local tumor ablation of PTT with the powerful immune adjuvant function of Ycws, providing a biocompatible photothermal-immunotherapy platform for malignant lymphoma.