Development of new directions in pharmacotherapy of endometriosis based on experimental models

Background. Endometriosis and adenomyosis occupy a significant place in the structure of gynecological diseases and are associated with chronic pelvic pain, impaired reproductive function, and a marked reduction in patients’ quality of life. The limited effectiveness of existing treatment approaches, the potential for adverse effects, and the high risk of recurrence necessitate the search for novel pathogenetically grounded therapeutic strategies. This, in turn, underscores the importance of using reproducible experimental models. Objective. To evaluate the potential of experimental models of endometriosis and adenomyosis in Wistar rats based on studies of disease pathogenesis and the preclinical assessment of promising pharmacological treatment strategies. Material and methods. An analysis of original experimental data was performed using a surgically induced model of endometriosis and a tamoxifen-induced model of adenomyosis in Wistar rats. Results. The applied experimental models were shown to provide reproducible development of pathological changes comparable to the key morphological features of endometriosis and adenomyosis. The findings confirm the validity and informativeness of these experimental platforms for investigating pathophysiological mechanisms and for the selection of promising therapeutic approaches. Conclusion. Experimental models of endometriosis and adenomyosis in Wistar rats represent highly informative tools for both fundamental and preclinical research. Their use enables not only the elucidation of key pathogenetic mechanisms but also the substantiation of novel pharmacological treatment strategies, including personalized and non-hormonal approaches.