Cathelicidin LL-37 inhibits angiogenesis and migration in gastric cancer via inhibition of NF-κB/IL-6 signaling.

BACKGROUND: Gastric cancer (GC) remains a leading cause of cancer-related mortality worldwide, often diagnosed at advanced stages with limited therapeutic options. Cathelicidin LL-37, an antimicrobial peptide, has demonstrated context-dependent roles in cancer progression. This study aimed to elucidate the function and underlying mechanism of LL-37 in GC, with a focus on angiogenesis and metastasis. METHODS: . RESULTS: , LL-37 administration markedly reduced lung metastasis and decreased the levels of IL-6, VEGFA, and phospho-p65 in xenograft tumors. CONCLUSION: LL-37 inhibits angiogenesis, migration, and invasion in GC by suppressing the NF-κB/IL-6 signaling axis. This work provides a rationale for considering LL-37 as a potential therapeutic candidate.