Facile template synthesis of interconnected carbon-encapsulated ZnSSe anodes for high-performance potassium-ion storage

Potassium-ion batteries are promising candidates for large-scale energy storage, yet high-capacity conversion-type anodes suffer from severe volume expansion and structural degradation during cycling. Herein, we construct a three-dimensional interconnected carbon-encapsulated ZnSSe via a facile template strategy. The ultrathin and robust carbon network intimately encapsulates ZnSSe not only effectively buffering volume expansion but also maintaining structural integrity. The carbon layer also enhances electronic conductivity and suppresses the aggregation of ZnSSe nanoparticles. Moreover, kinetic analysis confirms that the introduction of Se, together with the conductive carbon matrix, improves the reversibility of the electrode reaction and facilitates fast potassium ion diffusion kinetics. Consequently, the ZnSSe@C anode delivers a high reversible capacity and maintains excellent cycling stability in potassium ion storage. A full cell assembled with a PTCDA cathode exhibits excellent long-term cycling stability, demonstrating practical feasibility. This work offers a facile template approach to constructing durable carbon-confined anodes for potassium-ion full batteries.