Corridor X: Strategic significance for logistics and transport in the Republic of Serbia

Abstract Corridor X represents the backbone of the Republic of Serbia’s transport and logistics system, connecting the country with European markets and determining its economic competitiveness. This paper analyzes the multidimensional significance of Pan-European Corridor X for the development of transport and logistics infrastructure in the Republic of Serbia, with particular emphasis on economic, infrastructural, and regional aspects. The methodology encompasses analysis of secondary sources-scientific literature, SEETO, and European Commission documents-as well as spatial analysis of the route, logistics centers, and infrastructural characteristics. Corridor X integrates the main axis, Salzburg-Thessaloniki (2,300 km road, 2,528 km railway), with four branch routes, of which Branch B (Budapest-Belgrade) and Branch C (Niš-Sofia) are crucial for Serbia. Road transport dominates with a 70% share but generates five times higher external costs (31-54 EUR/1,000 tkm) compared to rail (8-15 EUR/1,000 tkm). Infrastructure modernization has reduced transport costs by 15-20% and delivery time (Belgrade-Niš from 5h to 3h). Along the corridor, 15 free zones have been developed, logistics centers with a capacity of 1.5 million m², and intermodal terminals (Batajnica-1.530 TEU). Over 40% of foreign investments are concentrated along the corridor, with employment growth in logistics of 30%. Corridor X is transforming Serbia into a regional logistics hub but requires continued investment in railway infrastructure, digitalization of customs procedures, and incentives for sustainable transport.