A Digital-Root Property of Consecutive Terms in Geometric Sequences: An Independent Observation, Proof, and Generalization of the 3–6–9 Pattern

This paper presents an independently observed digital-root property of the geometric sequence generated by repeated doubling from 3. For the sequence an=3⋅2na_n = 3 \\cdot 2^n, it is shown that the digital root of the sum of every pair of consecutive terms is always 9. A direct proof is provided using modular arithmetic, followed by a generalization to geometric sequences of the form an=kmna_n = k m^n. The paper derives conditions under which the digital root of consecutive-term sums remains constant, and specifically when it is exactly 9. The phenomenon is further generalized to numeral systems of arbitrary base. The paper also briefly examines the popular association of the numbers 3, 6, and 9 with Nikola Tesla and distinguishes documented mathematics from historically unverified attributions.

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Publication Details

Journal
Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)
Published
2026-09-15
DOI
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.22774293
Primary Topic
History and Theory of Mathematics
Type
preprint
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preprint

A Digital-Root Property of Consecutive Terms in Geometric Sequences: An Independent Observation, Proof, and Generalization of the 3–6–9 Pattern

Ahmad Qasemzahi
Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)
History and Theory of Mathematics
preprint

A Digital-Root Property of Consecutive Terms in Geometric Sequences: An Independent Observation, Proof, and Generalization of the 3–6–9 Pattern

Ahmad Qasemzahi
preprint en

Abstract

This paper presents an independently observed digital-root property of the geometric sequence generated by repeated doubling from 3. For the sequence an=3⋅2na_n = 3 \cdot 2^n, it is shown that the digital root of the sum of every pair of consecutive terms is always 9. A direct proof is provided using modular arithmetic, followed by a generalization to geometric sequences of the form an=kmna_n = k m^n. The paper derives conditions under which the digital root of consecutive-term sums remains constant, and specifically when it is exactly 9. The phenomenon is further generalized to numeral systems of arbitrary base. The paper also briefly examines the popular association of the numbers 3, 6, and 9 with Nikola Tesla and distinguishes documented mathematics from historically unverified attributions.

Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)
Quality Education
History and Theory of Mathematics
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