Host-microbiome interactions and enteric pathogen infections – from early-life to long-term impacts on gut-brain communication

Interactions of the host with the microbes that constitute the intestinal microbiota are important for maintaining health and well-being within the gastrointestinal tract and beyond. Disruptions to these interactions, such as those that follow enteric pathogen infection or administration of antibiotics, can lead to persistent pathophysiology, particularly if disruptions occur during early development in neonatal life. Here we highlight the impacts of altered host-microbe interactions following insults across the life span and discuss emerging mechanisms of action promoting these disruptions (see Graphical Abstract). We also identify potential therapeutics to restore these important pathways and their mechanisms of action.