Modeling the impact of labor management strategies on construction project quality: evidence from contracting firms in the Gaza Strip

Abstract Labor management is a critical determinant of construction project performance, particularly in fragile and resource-constrained contexts. This study investigates the effect of labor management practices adopted by contracting companies on project quality in the Gaza Strip. A sequential explanatory mixed-methods design was employed, integrating quantitative data collected via a structured questionnaire with qualitative insights drawn from two explanatory case studies of construction projects. The questionnaire targeted engineers and project managers from classified local contracting companies. Findings reveal statistically significant and practically meaningful positive relationships between labor-related factors—such as worker motivation, supervision, planning, and company management practices—and the implementation of labor management strategies that enhance project quality. Company management–related factors emerged as the strongest drivers of quality-oriented labor management, while project-nature and labor-related factors showed complementary effects. Differences in perception were also observed based on demographic variables such as job description and project type. The case studies corroborated the quantitative findings, demonstrating how coordinated supervision, timely wage payment, and clear task allocation contribute to improved quality outcomes, while reliance on subcontractors and limited training constrain performance. Overall, the integrated findings highlight labor management as a strategic quality function rather than an operational necessity, and they outline actionable priorities for practitioners and policy-makers operating in fragile construction environments. These findings contribute to the broader discourse on labor governance and quality assurance in the construction sector.