The Age of Maturity of the European Union Anti-Corruption Law

{"most":[0],"recent":[1],"Commission":[2],"Rule":[3,280],"of":[4,16,63,72,74,92,96,111,124,144,177,189,204,207,248,257,281],"Law":[5,282],"Report":[6,283],"has":[7,105,184,265,272],"underscored":[8],"1this":[9],"would":[10],"not":[11,273],"answer":[12],"the":[13,21,26,31,34,40,43,50,61,69,75,93,101,122,142,145,175,202,249,255],"sudden":[14],"increase":[15],"EU":[17,27],"anti-corruption":[18,28,36,90,183],"law":[19,29,155],"in":[20,30,42,254],"last":[22],"decade.":[23],"II.":[24],"Situating":[25],"international":[32,44,179,250],"sphereSince":[33],"1990s,":[35],"regulations":[37],"have":[38,88],"been":[39,106,275],"norm":[41],"sphere.The":[45],"OECD":[46],"Anti-Bribery":[47],"Convention,":[48],"2":[49,288],"United":[51],"Nations":[52],"Convention":[53],"Against":[54],"Corruption,":[55,67],"3":[56],"regional":[57,181],"agreements":[58],"such":[59],"as":[60,114,118,197],"Council":[62],"Europe":[64],"Conventions":[65],"against":[66],"4":[68],"wide":[70],"scope":[71],"implementation":[73],"US":[76,258],"Foreign":[77],"Corrupt":[78],"Practices":[79],"Act":[80],"5":[81],"and":[82,126,135,180,235,293],"countless":[83],"democracy":[84],"promotion":[85],"programs,":[86],"6":[87],"made":[89],"one":[91],"primary":[94],"elements":[95,212],"good":[97],"governance":[98],"programs":[99],"around":[100],"world.This":[102],"regulatory":[103],"flow":[104],"accompanied":[107],"by":[108],"a":[109,115,119,187,198,217,267],"reconceptualisation":[110],"corruptionnot":[112],"merely":[113],"crime,":[116],"but":[117],"threat":[120,200],"to":[121,170,174,201,223],"integrity":[123,236],"legal":[125,146,166,191],"institutional":[127],"orders.7":[128],"Corruption":[129],"replaces":[130],"lawful":[131],"interactions":[132],"between":[133],"citizens":[134],"public":[136,154,239],"officials":[137],"with":[138,216,229],"illicit":[139],"ones,":[140],"undermining":[141],"functioning":[143],"order":[147],"itself.While":[148],"academic":[149],"debate":[150],"continues":[151],"over":[152],"which":[153],"value":[156],"corruption":[157,196],"harms,":[158],"it":[159,164],"is":[160],"widely":[161],"accepted":[162],"that":[163],"disrupts":[165],"systems.8":[167],"In":[168],"response":[169],"this":[171],"threat,":[172],"thanks":[173],"proliferation":[176],"these":[178],"tools,":[182],"evolved":[185],"into":[186],"kind":[188],"\\"transnational":[190],"order.\\"9":[192],"This":[193],"perspective":[194],"treats":[195],"structural":[199],"rule":[203],"law,":[205],"regardless":[206],"scale":[208],"or":[209],"whether":[210],"criminal":[211,227],"are":[213],"involved.It":[214],"aligned":[215],"global":[218],"shift":[219],"toward":[220],"administrative":[221],"responses":[222],"corruption,":[224],"supplementing":[225],"traditional":[226],"enforcement":[228],"tools":[230],"like":[231],"independent":[232],"oversight":[233],"bodies":[234],"rules":[237],"for":[238,260,290],"officials.10":[240],"The":[241],"tide":[242],"has,":[243],"however,":[244],"recently":[245],"turned.Decreasing":[246],"budgets":[247],"development":[251],"agencies":[252],"or,":[253],"case":[256],"Agency":[259],"International":[261],"Development,":[262,294],"their":[263],"dismantling":[264],"sent":[266],"rippling":[268],"effect":[269],"whose":[270],"impact":[271],"yet":[274],"quantified.11":[276],"Looking":[277],"1":[278],"Commission,":[279],"2025,":[284],"General":[285],"Report,":[286],"1.":[287],"Organization":[289],"Economic":[291],"Co-operation":[292]}