Implementation of Distance Services in Public Libraries of Mazandaran Province of Iran: A Feasibility Study

This study examines the feasibility of implementing distance and remote library services in public libraries of Mazandaran Province, Iran. The research evaluates five key dimensions: librarians’ knowledge and skills; facilities, equipment, and infrastructure; budget; perceived advantages; and perceived barriers. A structured questionnaire, was administered to managers and librarians within the provincial public library system. Data were analyzed using one-sample t-tests and Friedman tests. Findings indicate that infrastructure and facilities are generally adequate, with most indicators significantly above the moderate level, and that librarians possess an overall acceptable level of knowledge and skills, although proficiency in specific digital competencies- web page design, digital library management, and virtual reference services-falls below the threshold. However, insufficient funding emerges as the primary obstacle, with budget allocations for staff training and equipment acquisition rated significantly below moderate levels. Respondents identified “providing services to special groups” as the foremost advantage of distance services, while “lack of necessary equipment,” “opposition from parent organization officials,” and “lack of financial resources” were ranked as the most critical barriers. Overall, the implementation of distance library services in public libraries of Mazandaran Province is evaluated as moderately feasible, constrained primarily by budgetary deficits, specialized skill gaps, and centralized governance rather than basic technical infrastructure. The study concludes that alongside targeted professional training and technological upgrades, securing sustainable financial resources and reforming centralized management structures are essential for the successful implementation of distance services, ensuring equitable information access for both urban and rural populations in Mazandaran Province.