Rose petal biochar induces oxygen vacancies in Bi2MoO6 for efficient photocatalytic Cr(VI) reduction and degradation of hydrochloride tetracycline

Photocatalysis plays a vital role in aquatic environmental remediation, and the development of high-performance photocatalysts is essential for overcoming current technological limitations. In this study, S-scheme waste rose biochar (MC)/Bi 2 MoO 6 heterostructures with abundant oxygen vacancies (OVs) were fabricated with the assistance of waste rose petal biomass. The incorporation of MC influences the nucleation process of Bi 2 MoO 6 (BMO) and promotes the formation of OVs on the surface of Bi 2 MoO 6 . Acting as electron traps and active sites, OVs and the conductive MC synergistically boost the photocatalytic performance of Bi 2 MoO 6 . Under simulated sunlight irradiation, the MC-2 sample (mass ratio of MC to Bi 2 MoO 6 is 2%) exhibits the highest photocatalytic activity. The reduction rate of Cr(VI) to Cr(III) over MC-2 is 12.4 times higher than that on the reference Bi 2 MoO 6 , while the degradation rate of hydrochloric tetracycline (HTC) is improved by a factor of 1.79. This study provides a promising strategy for the rational utilization of waste resources to develop high-performance Bi 2 MoO 6 -based catalysts for the remediation of aquatic ecological environments.