Simulation Study of Dielectron Production in Bi + Bi Collisions at $$\sqrt {{{s}_{{NN}}}} $$ = 9.2 GeV at NICA-MPD

The Multi-Purpose Detector (MPD) at the NICA facility is designed to study heavy-ion collisions at $$\\sqrt {{{s}_{{NN}}}} $$ = 4–11 GeV, aiming to explore the baryon-rich region of the QCD phase diagram to investigate the possible existence of a first-order phase transition and a critical end-point (CEP). Dileptons, serving as a key electromagnetic probe, are sensitive to the temperature, lifetime, and total baryon density of the hot, dense medium. The measurement of dielectrons is treated as an effective way to search for the QCD phase structure, chiral symmetry restoration, and possible CEP related phenomena. We present a feasibility study of dielectron production in Bi + Bi collisions at $$\\sqrt {{{s}_{{NN}}}} $$ = 9.2 GeV using full MPD detector simulations with realistic event generators. Details are provided on electron reconstruction using the Time Projection Chamber (TPC), Time-of-Flight (TOF) detector, and Electromagnetic Calorimeter (ECal), background suppression techniques for photon conversions and $${{\\pi }^{0}}$$ Dalitz decays, and performance evaluation based on signal-to-background ratio ( $$S{\\kern 1pt} /{\\kern 1pt} B$$ ) and statistical significance ( $${{n}_{\\sigma }}$$ ). These established reconstruction and background suppression procedures provide support for future experimental data analysis, and the results verify the ability of MPD to perform high-precision dielectron measurements.