A review on electromagnetic wave absorber based on spoof surface plasmon polariton metamaterials

Spoof surface plasmon polariton (SSPP) represents an artificial electromagnetic mode that extends the properties of optical-frequency surface plasmon polariton into the microwave and terahertz regions. This capability offers a novel platform for designing high-performance microwave absorbing metamaterials, leveraging unique strong field localization effects and tunable dispersion characteristics. SSPP absorbers (SAs) effectively address the limitations of traditional materials in achieving broadband, lightweight, and angle-stable absorption, becoming a research focus in the field of metamaterials in recent years. This paper systematically reviews the current state of SAs development, emphasizing significant research breakthroughs in ultra-broadband absorption and integrated absorption–transmission structures. In summary, this paper outlines the future development trends for SAs, highlighting the potential for dynamic tunability, -intelligence, and multifunctional integration based on the existing application demands.