Progress in Carbon Monoxide Capture Technology

Carbon monoxide (CO), an essential gas possessing both environmental hazards and industrial value, necessitates advancements in its capture technology, which holds immense significance for environmental protection and chemical production. This paper systematically reviews the research progress in CO capture technology, encompassing the current applications of traditional techniques (cryogenic distillation, adsorption, absorption, and membrane separation) and emerging technologies (metal salt eutectic solvents, carbon anion liquids, etc.). The analysis reveals that each traditional technique has its unique attributes: cryogenic distillation, while mature, is energy-intensive; adsorption is energy-efficient but demands stringent requirements for feed gas; absorption can achieve high purity but is susceptible to solvent poisoning; and membrane separation, while simple to operate, incurs higher costs for membrane materials. The emerging technologies exhibit distinctive advantages but still confront challenges in terms of stability and other aspects. Looking to the future, carbon monoxide capture technology will advance toward greater efficiency, energy savings, cost efficiency, and environmental sustainability. The main emphasis will be on breaking through the bottleneck of separating low-concentration carbon monoxide, fostering the synergy between capture and utilization, and offering technical backing for the realization of carbon neutrality objectives.