Intrinsic Adsorption‐Diffusion Asymmetry Enables Stable Hydrovoltaic Power Generation Under Intermittent Humidity

ABSTRACT Hydrovoltaic energy harvesters provide a passive strategy for converting ambient moisture into electricity. However, their electrical output often rapidly decays after the removal of humidity stimulation, limiting their operation under dynamic environmental conditions. Here, we report a polyurethane‐derived polymer hydrovoltaic energy harvester (pp‐HEH) based on a hygroscopic polymeric deep eutectic solvent (HyPU DES ). The ionic and polar sites within HyPU DES enable rapid moisture adsorption, while the coupled interactions within the polymer network regulate subsequent moisture redistribution and release. This kinetic asymmetry between rapid moisture uptake and slow post‐stimulus water redistribution enables sustained hydrovoltaic output beyond the period of external humidity exposure. At 90% RH, the pp‐HEH delivers an open‐circuit voltage of 487 mV and a current density of 1.62 µA cm −2 . After 30 min exposure to 90% RH, the device maintains a voltage response for more than 120 min under 20 ± 5% RH after humidity withdrawal. This work demonstrates a material‐level strategy for extending hydrovoltaic response windows by regulating moisture transport kinetics, providing potential opportunities for self‐powered wearable and distributed electronic systems.

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Journal
Advanced Energy Materials
Published
2026-09-14
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1002/aenm.71571
Primary Topic
Solar-Powered Water Purification Methods
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article
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article

Intrinsic Adsorption‐Diffusion Asymmetry Enables Stable Hydrovoltaic Power Generation Under Intermittent Humidity

Xiao Xiao, 김소희, Samy M. Shaban, Dong‐Hwan Kim et al.
Advanced Energy Materials
Solar-Powered Water Purification Methods
article

Intrinsic Adsorption‐Diffusion Asymmetry Enables Stable Hydrovoltaic Power Generation Under Intermittent Humidity

Xiao Xiao, 김소희, Samy M. Shaban, Dong‐Hwan Kim, Sang‐Woo Kim, Xiangchun Meng, Yoojin Park
article en

Abstract

ABSTRACT Hydrovoltaic energy harvesters provide a passive strategy for converting ambient moisture into electricity. However, their electrical output often rapidly decays after the removal of humidity stimulation, limiting their operation under dynamic environmental conditions. Here, we report a polyurethane‐derived polymer hydrovoltaic energy harvester (pp‐HEH) based on a hygroscopic polymeric deep eutectic solvent (HyPU DES ). The ionic and polar sites within HyPU DES enable rapid moisture adsorption, while the coupled interactions within the polymer network regulate subsequent moisture redistribution and release. This kinetic asymmetry between rapid moisture uptake and slow post‐stimulus water redistribution enables sustained hydrovoltaic output beyond the period of external humidity exposure. At 90% RH, the pp‐HEH delivers an open‐circuit voltage of 487 mV and a current density of 1.62 µA cm −2 . After 30 min exposure to 90% RH, the device maintains a voltage response for more than 120 min under 20 ± 5% RH after humidity withdrawal. This work demonstrates a material‐level strategy for extending hydrovoltaic response windows by regulating moisture transport kinetics, providing potential opportunities for self‐powered wearable and distributed electronic systems.

Advanced Energy Materials
Yonsei University (KR), Sungkyunkwan University (KR)
Affordable and clean energy
Openalex Percentile: Top 29%
Solar-Powered Water Purification Methods
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Intrinsic Adsorption‐Diffusion Asymmetry Enables Stable Hydrovoltaic Power Generation Under Intermittent Humidity — Xiao Xiao, 김소희, et al. · Advanced Energy Materials (2026) | TGRS Research Map | TGRS