Collaboration and Uncertainty Management in Agile Software Development: A Systematic Integrative Review and Literature-Based Positioning of CDM

Agile software development relies on frequent interaction, short feedback cycles, and adaptation, yet these practices do not automatically create shared understanding, visible assumptions, timely validation, or coordinated action. Relevant evidence is distributed across requirements engineering, teamwork, project uncertainty, traceability, domain-specific representation, prototyping, flow management, and leadership. This PRISMA 2020-guided critical integrative review connects these streams to explain how collaboration can support uncertainty management throughout iterative development. The initial evidence corpus was assembled between February and July 2026 and was subsequently checked through six structured Scopus searches. After deduplication, 2658 database records were screened against concept-driven eligibility criteria. Thirteen sources identified through the structured Scopus update and 87 sources from the initial corpus formed the 100-source review corpus. Two additional recent sources were incorporated during revision for targeted analytical updating, yielding a final analytical registry of 102 sources. Because source selection was concept-driven and aimed at explanatory coverage, the synthesis does not estimate the prevalence or frequency of the identified themes. Problem–mechanism–outcome–boundary coding produced six evidence streams and seven connected findings. The synthesis develops a collaborative learning loop linking stakeholder intent, uncertainty, early evidence, consequential decisions, and adaptation. The combined uncertainty-ownership-and-inquiry mechanism remains a low-confidence design proposition rather than a demonstrated effect. It then positions the Collaborative Development Method (CDM) as a literature-grounded configuration of established mechanisms rather than a validated replacement for existing agile frameworks. The review clarifies supported foundations, provisional rules, boundary conditions, and testable propositions for comparative and longitudinal evaluation.