Exploring the antidiabetic potential of DHA-salicylaldehyde-chalcone endowed 1,2,3-triazole hybrids: synthesis, α-glucosidase inhibition and molecular modeling studies

Aim The present research work aims to synthesize and explore the in vitro α-glucosidase inhibition potentials of DHA-salicylaldehyde-chalcone endowed 1,2,3-triazoles to counter diabetes mellitus.Materials and methods A series of DHA-salicylaldehyde-chalcone endowed 1,2,3-triazole hybrids (4a-4l) was synthesized and characterized using various spectral techniques viz FTIR, NMR, and HRMS. The hybrids were further assayed for in vitro α-glucosidase inhibition. The findings were further justified by in silico studies.Results The findings of in vitro study suggested triazole hybrid 4k as the most potent α-glucosidase inhibitor (IC50 = 1.35 µM) compared to acarbose (IC50 = 13.5 µM). Molecular docking (MD) investigations of ligand-protein complex revealed favorable binding interactions.Conclusions The hybrid 4k exhibited maximum inhibition of α-glucosidase enzyme with favorable binding interactions, suggesting this framework is a potential lead motif for future antidiabetic drug discovery.