A comprehensive review of guava production and regional distribution in India

Guava stands as a cornerstone of global horticulture, renowned for its adaptability, nutritional richness, and economic significance. Enhancing its productivity and nutritional quality will not only benefit millions of farmers and consumers but also reinforce guava’s vital role in promoting economic growth and human well-being worldwide. To understand the farming challenges in improving guava cultivation and supporting its promotion for nutrition and health, this study aims to provide a comprehensive analysis of guava cultivation, production trends, taxonomical classification, and associated nutritional and medicinal benefits. Guava is a highly versatile and nutritionally valuable fruit, easily adaptable to diverse geographical and soil conditions. It is also very nutritious, rich in vitamin C, dietary fibre, and antioxidants, making it a popular choice for both fresh consumption and processed food products like juices, jelly, and desserts. Apart from its fruit, its leaves and bark are used in traditional medicine for their potential health benefits, such as lowering blood sugar levels and aiding digestion. India, with its vast geographical zones, plays a significant role in guava cultivation, holding the top position and contributing 45.22% of global production. Among the zones, the Central Zone leads in overall production due to its favourable climatic conditions, while the Southern Zone demonstrates the highest productivity, reflecting efficient farm management and technology adoption. To further enhance guava production across all zones, it is essential to implement integrated pest management strategies, promote zone-specific interventions, and strengthen resilience against climatic challenges.