Self-powered active control of high-rise building under wind excitation via model predictive control

To address the high energy demand and potential instability of conventional active vibration control systems, this study proposes a self-powered active tuned mass damper (SP-ATMD) governed by an energy-constrained model predictive control (MPC) strategy for mitigation wind-induced vibration in high-rise buildings. The proposed system integrates an electromagnetic transducer, an H-bridge circuit, and an energy storage module to enable bidirectional conversion between structural kinetic energy and electrical energy, thereby enabling active control without external power input. A 76-story benchmark building is modeled as a multi-degree-of-freedom system and subjected to simulated wind fields. The control performance of the proposed SP-ATMD is evaluated against the uncontrolled case and an optimally tuned passive TMD. Numerical results show that the SP-ATMD reduces the root-mean-square (RMS) acceleration and displacement of the top floor by 58% and 53%, respectively, relative to the uncontrolled structure, and further improves performance compared with the passive TMD. In addition, the stored energy remains non-negative throughout the control process, confirming compliance with the self-powered criterion. The results demonstrate that the proposed SP-ATMD provides an effective and sustainable solution for wind-induced vibration control of high-rise buildings.