Profiles of humanistic practice ability in psychiatric nurses: a latent profile analysis and associated factors

Objectives To identify latent profiles of humanistic practice ability among psychiatric nurses using latent profile analysis and to examine factors associated with profile classification. Methods A cross-sectional survey was conducted on the humanistic practice ability of 639 psychiatric nurses using a convenience sampling method. Latent profile analysis and multivariate logistic regression were employed to analyze the data. Results Psychiatric nurses’ humanistic practice ability was classified into three latent profiles, Low-Level Humanistic Practice Profile (29.9%), Moderate-Level Humanistic Practice Profile (57.3%), High-Level Humanistic Practice Profile (12.8%). Years of working, emotional intelligence, and job stressors were significantly associated with classification in different latent profiles (P < 0.05). Conclusions This study revealed the latent heterogeneity in humanistic practice ability among psychiatric nurses and identified individual and work environment factors associated with different profile membership. The findings can help nursing managers identify subgroups of nurses with distinct characteristics of humanistic practice ability, and provide a basis for future stratified assessment as well as the design and evaluation of differentiated support strategies.