An Analysis of Sūrat Nūḥ from the Perspectives of the Process Approach and Da'wah Analysis

The prophetic narratives in the Qur'an are not merely a recitation of historical events; they are also an articulation of universal principles concerning faith, morality, and social life. Among these narratives, Sūrat Nūḥ (Noah) occupies a distinctive position, as it presents Prophet Noah's mission of da'wah comprehensively from its inception to its conclusion. The present study aims to examine Sūrat Nūḥ from the perspectives of the process approach and da'wah analysis. A qualitative research design was employed, with document analysis as the primary research technique. While Sūrat Nūḥ constitutes the principal source of data, both classical and contemporary Qur'anic exegeses (tafsīr) were consulted in interpreting its verses. The present study analyses the da'wah process depicted in the sūrah within the framework of the following stages: divine commissioning, a call centred on tawḥīd (Islamic monotheism), patience and perseverance, methodological diversity, the use of evidence and argumentation, audience analysis, and the realization of the divine judgment. The findings demonstrate that the da'wah of Prophet Noah followed a systematic, gradual, and audience-oriented process. A variety of complementary methods were employed, including public and private proclamation, individual and collective communication, and persuasive reasoning based on both rational arguments and cosmological (universal) signs. Moreover, the sūrah underscores the indispensable qualities that a dāʿī (caller to Islam) must embody, namely patience, steadfastness, sincerity, and a profound sense of responsibility. The study posits that Sūrat Nūḥ should be comprehended not solely as a historical account, but also as a repository of methodological principles that have the capacity to guide contemporary da'wah and religious guidance (irshād) activities. In this respect, the research seeks to contribute to the growing body of scholarship on Qur'anic da'wah methodology and to ongoing discussions in the field of religious services and guidance.