An Exploratory Prior-Art Audit Centered on Label-Free Biophysical Readouts for HIV-1 Reservoir Cell Classification: A Negative Result

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Authors

Publication Details

Journal
Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)
Published
2026-09-15
DOI
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.22758696
Primary Topic
Digital Holography and Microscopy
Type
article
Field-Weighted Citation Impact
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article

An Exploratory Prior-Art Audit Centered on Label-Free Biophysical Readouts for HIV-1 Reservoir Cell Classification: A Negative Result

Daisuke Murano
Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)
Digital Holography and Microscopy
article

An Exploratory Prior-Art Audit Centered on Label-Free Biophysical Readouts for HIV-1 Reservoir Cell Classification: A Negative Result

Daisuke Murano
article en

Abstract

A non-peer-reviewed research note. Not a systematic review, not a freedom-to-operate study, and not a legal opinion on patentability. This note reports a negative result from an exploratory prior-art audit. Fourteen candidate ideas were generated around non-standard readouts for identifying or stratifying HIV-1-infected or latently infected cells, with emphasis on label-free intrinsic biophysical measurements. Ten lineages were audited individually; four were withdrawn before individual audit because they converged on previously examined concepts. The main finding is not that every remaining implementation is legally unpatentable. Rather, the superordinate design space is already substantially occupied. Published HIV-1 studies have applied intrinsic, label-free optical/metabolic measurements directly to infected cells (two-photon NADH FLIM), quantitative phase imaging to latent-HIV reactivation (GLIM), and optical-trapping/transmission measurements to infected versus uninfected cells. Two points about the GLIM study are recorded separately, because they pull in opposite directions. Discriminative performance was modest — ROC AUC approximately 0.64 and 0.63 for dry mass and diameter, 0.55 for dry mass density, with few cells in the reported "exclusive latency" regime — so the reported numerical regimes must not be read as validated diagnostic cutoffs. Disclosure, however, was strong: the paper explicitly frames label-free classification of latent versus reactivated cells as a future application of the method, and states that cells above and below dry-mass cutoffs can be predicted with high likelihood. Weak measured performance does not weaken what the paper discloses and suggests. The eight parked lineages either lie close to mature platform technologies or dense adjacent HIV literatures, or lack direct evidence that the specific proposed contrast can discriminate latent-reservoir cells at single-cell level. No lineage was retained as a filing candidate. Two were dropped and eight parked. "PARK" here is a resource-allocation status, not a legal conclusion about patentability. This note is published as a record of the search process: what was considered, which prior art changed the assessment, which errors were corrected, and why the search space was closed at the stated cutoff.

Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)
Reduced inequalities
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Digital Holography and Microscopy
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