CpG hypermethylation and WNT/AP-1 cooperativity define the epigenetic landscape and a clinical subgroup of high-risk pediatric adrenocortical carcinoma

Abstract Pediatric adrenocortical tumors are rare, clinically heterogeneous neoplasms with unpredictable outcomes and limited treatment options. Through integrated multi-omic analysis of 214 pediatric adrenocortical tumors combining DNA methylation profiling, transcriptomics, chromatin accessibility, and spatial deconvolution, we identify four distinct risk groups. A high-risk subgroup is characterized by CpG island hypermethylation, chromosomal instability, and dismal survival. These tumors exhibit transcriptional co-activation of WNT signalling and activator protein-1 transcriptional programs and display balanced admixture of zona glomerulosa and zona fasciculata/reticularis-like cells. Spatial analysis reveals zona glomerulosa cells as WNT signaling hubs driving intercellular crosstalk. Mechanistically, the histone deacetylase inhibitor entinostat reverses promoter methylation, silences activator protein-1 activity, and induces apoptotic reprogramming in tumor models. These findings establish a molecular framework for risk stratification and identify actionable therapeutic vulnerabilities, providing an essential resource for studying this molecularly uncharted pediatric malignancy.

Authors

Institutions

Publication Details

Journal
Nature Communications
Published
2026-09-14
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-026-77225-5
Primary Topic
Adrenal and Paraganglionic Tumors
Type
article
Field-Weighted Citation Impact
0.00
Controls
|||
ALL TIME
JAN
FEB
MAR
APR
MAY
JUN
JUL
AUG
SEP
article

CpG hypermethylation and WNT/AP-1 cooperativity define the epigenetic landscape and a clinical subgroup of high-risk pediatric adrenocortical carcinoma

Ina Oehme, Antje Redlich, Eva Jüttner, Bruno Märkl et al.
Nature Communications
Adrenal and Paraganglionic Tumors
article

CpG hypermethylation and WNT/AP-1 cooperativity define the epigenetic landscape and a clinical subgroup of high-risk pediatric adrenocortical carcinoma

Ina Oehme, Antje Redlich, Eva Jüttner, Bruno Märkl, Heike Peterziel, Enrique Blanco-Carmona, Marlena Mucha, Nic G. Reitsam, Stefan M. Pfister, Michael C. Frühwald, Marina Kunstreich, Sebastian Dintner, Rainer Claus, Pascal D. Johann, Matthias Schlesner, Victoria E. Fincke, Martin Sill, Irmengard Sax, Maurice Loßner, Jörg Fuchs, Felix Dorn, Eva Sipos, Christoph Slavetinsky, Konstantin Okonechnikov, Christian Vokuhl, Michaela Kuhlen, Maria D. Hernandez Ramirez, Stefan Wudy, Lorenz C. Helmschrott
article en

Abstract

Abstract Pediatric adrenocortical tumors are rare, clinically heterogeneous neoplasms with unpredictable outcomes and limited treatment options. Through integrated multi-omic analysis of 214 pediatric adrenocortical tumors combining DNA methylation profiling, transcriptomics, chromatin accessibility, and spatial deconvolution, we identify four distinct risk groups. A high-risk subgroup is characterized by CpG island hypermethylation, chromosomal instability, and dismal survival. These tumors exhibit transcriptional co-activation of WNT signalling and activator protein-1 transcriptional programs and display balanced admixture of zona glomerulosa and zona fasciculata/reticularis-like cells. Spatial analysis reveals zona glomerulosa cells as WNT signaling hubs driving intercellular crosstalk. Mechanistically, the histone deacetylase inhibitor entinostat reverses promoter methylation, silences activator protein-1 activity, and induces apoptotic reprogramming in tumor models. These findings establish a molecular framework for risk stratification and identify actionable therapeutic vulnerabilities, providing an essential resource for studying this molecularly uncharted pediatric malignancy.

Nature CommunicationsVol. 17(1)
University of Augsburg (DE), German Cancer Research Center (DE), Justus-Liebig-Universität Gießen (DE), Heidelberg University (DE), University Hospital Bonn (DE), University Hospital Augsburg (DE), University Hospital Heidelberg (DE), National Center for Tumor Diseases (DE), University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein (DE), University Children's Hospital Tübingen (DE), University Hospital Magdeburg (DE), University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus (DE), Deutsches Konsortium für Translationale Krebsforschung (DE), Else Kröner Fresenius Center for Digital Health (DE), University of Lübeck (DE)
Openalex Percentile: Top 8%
Adrenal and Paraganglionic Tumors
AI Navigator

Ask Laika to Summarize, Analyze, and Connect papers live on the map.

Summarize Papers & Methodologies

Extract key findings, datasets, and comparative methods across publications.

Benchmark Rankings & Visual Analytics

Rank top research institutions, authors, funders, topics, and journals by Field-Weighted Citation Impact (FWCI) and paper volume with instant charts.

Connect Distant Disciplines

Bridge topological clusters on the map to find hidden collaborative intersections.