Mitochondrial Dysfunction across Synovial and Peripheral Compartments in Rheumatoid Arthritis: A Multi-tissue Transcriptomic Integration of PBMC, Synovial Biopsy and Whole Blood

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic autoimmune disease with synovial inflammation and systemic immune alterations. Mitochondrial dysfunction has been implicated in RA pathogenesis, but its tissue-specific and shared molecular signatures remain poorly characterized. We performed an integrative transcriptomic analysis of three public datasets: GSE17755 (PBMC), GSE89408 (synovial biopsy), and GSE93272 (whole blood). Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified (P