Algebraically decaying solutions for magnetohydrodynamic heat and mass transfer in Newtonian flow driven by stretching or shrinking surface: applications to thermal management and cooling technologies

The aim of the current analyses is to examine the thermal and solutal transfer impact on Newtonian fluid flow across permeable expanding/shrinking surfaces, and the impact of solar radiation, magnetic field, and Schmidt number on fluid flow has been extracted. Governing Navier-Stokes partial differential equations are formulated into ordinary differential equations via similarity variables, and closed-form multiple analytic solutions are obtained. The power law heat and mass flux conditions were examined using hyper-geometric series solution. A particular emphasis is placed on the exact analytical treatment of the algebraically decaying flow branch and its associated thermal and solutal transport characteristics under prescribed surface temperature, prescribed heat flux, prescribed surface concentration, and prescribed mass flux conditions. The results of the current study reveal that increasing the porous media, magnetic field, and stretching parameter reduces the velocity of the fluid flow, and increasing the thermal radiation values from 1 to 3 enhances the temperature by approximately 17% under prescribed surface conditions and by 22% under prescribed heat flux conditions. Increasing the Schmidt number from 1 to 3 reduces the concentration by approximately 19% under the prescribed surface concentration conditions and by 26% under prescribed mass flux conditions. The findings of this study are valuable for engineering applications involving heat and mass transfer across permeable surfaces, such as thermal management in cooling systems, chemical reactors, and material processing.