The relativistic Galperin billiard: π becomes a complete elliptic integral
In Galperin's billiard, the collision count between a heavy block, a light block, and a wall yields the digits of π in the Newtonian regime. When relativistic kinematics are included, the count converges to a complete elliptic integral of the first kind governed by the scaling parameter w = β√M. The Newtonian value f(0) = π is recovered in the zero-velocity limit, with leading corrections determining when each digit of π is lost. Accompanying code reproduces all collision counts, scaling laws, and Abel inversion reconstructions.
Authors
- ZAKARIA GHARZOULI
Institutions
- VirtualDive (France) (FR)
Publication Details
- Journal
- Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)
- Published
- 2026-09-13
- DOI
- https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.22736403
- Primary Topic
- Sports Dynamics and Biomechanics
- Type
- preprint