Gestational Trophoblastic Disease and Its Outcome at Shri Maharaja Gulab Singh Hospital, Jammu, India: A Retrospective Data Analysis

Background: Gestational trophoblastic disease (GTD) is a term used to describe a range of benign and malignant trophoblastic diseases, which have a variable clinical presentation and outcome.Early diagnosis via ultrasonography, histopathology, and serial monitoring of β-human chorionic gonadotropin (β-hCG) is crucial to ensure timely treatment and avoid disease progression.The objective of this study was to assess the clinical profile, spectrum of diagnosis, and outcome of GTD in a tertiary care center.Materials and methods: This is a retrospective observational study carried out in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shri Maharaja Gulab Singh (SMGS) Hospital, Jammu, from May 1, 2026, to June 30, 2026.Medical records of 69 patients with a diagnosis of GTD were examined.SPSS version 22.0 (IBM Corp., Armonk, NY) software was used for the analysis of demographic parameters, clinical presentation, histopathological and ultrasonographic findings, pre-evacuation β-hCG level, treatment, and outcome.Results: Among 69 patients, 38 (55.1%) were aged 25-30 years, 54 (78.3%) had parity ≥2, and 41 (59.4%) had no formal education.Hydatidiform mole was the most common diagnosis, occurring in 65 (94.2%)cases, while choriocarcinoma and invasive mole accounted for 3 (4.3%)and 1 (1.4%) cases, respectively.Passage of grape-like vesicles (27 (39.1%)) and vaginal bleeding (26 (37.7%)) were the predominant clinical presentations.Complete mole was confirmed histopathologically in 60 (87.0%) patients, and 60 (87.0%) had pre-evacuation serum β-hCG levels above 100,000 mIU/mL.Complete resolution was achieved in 62 (89.9%) patients, whereas 7 (10.1%)developed persistent or invasive disease.Conclusions: The most common type of GTD was hydatidiform mole, where the majority had a high level of β-hCG and a classic clinical picture.The clinical outcome was excellent with early diagnosis, early treatment, and regular β-hCG monitoring, highlighting the need for prompt diagnosis and appropriate surveillance of GTD.