Inhibition of miR-1290 alleviates the inflammatory response associated with total hip replacement via targeting OGN

Total hip replacement (THR) is an effective treatment for hip fractures and osteoarthritis, yet its long-term success is limited by complications such as periprosthetic inflammation and osteolysis. Identifying reliable biomarkers and molecular targets is therefore critical for improving prognostic assessment and therapeutic intervention. This study aimed to evaluate the prognostic value of miR-1290 in patients undergoing THR and to investigate its regulatory role in titanium particle-induced macrophage inflammatory polarization, along with the underlying molecular mechanism. Plasma miR-1290 expression was measured in 204 THR patients using reverse transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR), and its association with prognosis was analyzed. An in vitro model of periprosthetic inflammation was established by exposing human monocytic leukemia cell line (THP-1)-derived macrophages to titanium particles. Macrophage viability, inflammatory cytokine secretion, M1 polarization markers, and the miR-1290/osteoglycin ( OGN) interaction were assessed using cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8), Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), flow cytometry, dual-luciferase reporter assay, and RT-qPCR. Plasma miR-1290 levels were significantly elevated in patients with poor prognosis and negatively correlated with Harris scores, with an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.843 for predicting early postoperative functional recovery at 6 months. Paired longitudinal analysis of preoperative and 6-month postoperative samples further showed that the increase in miR-1290 levels from pre- to post-surgery was significantly greater in the poor prognosis group than in the good prognosis group. miR-1290 directly targeted OGN . In vitro, titanium particles induced M1 polarization and increased miR-1290 expression. Overexpression of miR-1290 exacerbated the inflammatory response and M1 polarization, whereas inhibition of miR-1290 alleviated these effects, which were partially reversed by OGN knockdown. Elevated plasma miR-1290 is associated with poor early functional recovery after THR. Inhibition of miR-1290 alleviates titanium particle-induced macrophage inflammatory response, and OGN is identified as one of its direct target genes mediating this effect. These findings suggest that plasma miR-1290 may serve as a promising prognostic biomarker for early functional outcomes, and that targeting this miRNA could represent a potential therapeutic strategy to attenuate periprosthetic inflammation, warranting further in vivo and clinical investigation.