The Role of Tectonic Inheritance in Active Rift Seismicity and Magmatism: Constraints From 3‐D Gravity Inversion and D‐InSAR Modeling of the 2025 Fentale Swarm, Ethiopia

Abstract The role of inherited lithospheric structures in active rift seismicity and magma intrusion remains a key uncertainty in continental breakup dynamics. We investigate the January 2025 Northern Main Ethiopian Rift swarm using constrained 3‐D gravity inversion and D‐InSAR observations to characterize crustal architecture, seismicity, and active deformation. D‐InSAR modeling resolves an NNW–SSE pressurized intrusion adjacent to Fentale volcano at ∼10 km depth, with volume change 0.87 km 3 , producing LOS displacements of 52 cm (ascending) and 46 cm (descending), and vertical uplift of 0.18 m over the caldera. Concurrent 3‐D gravity inversion reveals a co‐spatial NNW–SSE trending low‐density zone (∼201 km 3 ) aligned with the intrusion and observed seismicity. These observations suggest inherited lithospheric structures, reflecting Mesozoic rift‐related fabrics within the Ethiopian basement, play a key role in contemporary magmatism and rift seismicity. We conclude that lithospheric anisotropies localize magma‐assisted extension and strongly influence strain partitioning and seismic hazard during continental rifting.