The Reduced 5k + 1(3)/4 Collatz-Type Domain with Four Observed Attractors

This work studies a residue-dependent reduced Collatz-type map on the positive odd integers, referred to as the 5k + 1(3)/4 domain. For an odd state x, the affine correction is chosen from {1, 3} so that the numerator is divisible by at least 4, after which all powers of two are removed. The map exhibits four directly verified periodic attractors: the fixed point {1} and the three cycles {31, 39, 49}, {37, 47, 59}, and {61, 77, 97}. An exhaustive C computation using unsigned 128-bit arithmetic and four POSIX threads tested all 5,000,000,000 positive odd starting values below 10^10. Every tested orbit entered one of the four observed attractors, with zero unresolved cases. The work also presents basin statistics, stopping-time and peak records, an exact Diophantine identity for periodic orbits, inverse branches, the two-adic valuation law, and a probabilistic contraction analysis. These algebraic and computational results motivate a Four-Attractor Conjecture for the positive odd integers. The conjecture is explicitly distinguished from the exhaustive finite verification and is not claimed as a proof of global convergence. The accompanying computational archive contains source code, numerical results, record data, reproducibility instructions, and checksums for independent verification.

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Publication Details

Journal
Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)
Published
2026-09-12
DOI
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.22726452
Primary Topic
Benford’s Law and Fraud Detection
Type
article
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article

The Reduced 5k + 1(3)/4 Collatz-Type Domain with Four Observed Attractors

Banazadeh Farhad
Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)
Benford’s Law and Fraud Detection
article

The Reduced 5k + 1(3)/4 Collatz-Type Domain with Four Observed Attractors

Banazadeh Farhad
article en

Abstract

This work studies a residue-dependent reduced Collatz-type map on the positive odd integers, referred to as the 5k + 1(3)/4 domain. For an odd state x, the affine correction is chosen from {1, 3} so that the numerator is divisible by at least 4, after which all powers of two are removed. The map exhibits four directly verified periodic attractors: the fixed point {1} and the three cycles {31, 39, 49}, {37, 47, 59}, and {61, 77, 97}. An exhaustive C computation using unsigned 128-bit arithmetic and four POSIX threads tested all 5,000,000,000 positive odd starting values below 10^10. Every tested orbit entered one of the four observed attractors, with zero unresolved cases. The work also presents basin statistics, stopping-time and peak records, an exact Diophantine identity for periodic orbits, inverse branches, the two-adic valuation law, and a probabilistic contraction analysis. These algebraic and computational results motivate a Four-Attractor Conjecture for the positive odd integers. The conjecture is explicitly distinguished from the exhaustive finite verification and is not claimed as a proof of global convergence. The accompanying computational archive contains source code, numerical results, record data, reproducibility instructions, and checksums for independent verification.

Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)
Openalex Percentile: Top 7%
Benford’s Law and Fraud Detection
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