Quantum Computing in Artificial Intelligence: Convergence, Frameworks, and Emerging Application

The rapid convergence of quantum computing and artificial intelligence is reshaping computational paradigms across cryptography, optimization, sensing, and intelligent systems. This paper surveys and synthesizes recent developments at the intersection of quantum computing and AI, with particular attention to superconducting quantum hardware, quantum reinforcement learning, quantum key distribution optimization, and hybrid AI-driven post-quantum security frameworks. Drawing upon 2026 literature — including advances in high-speed predistortion architectures for flux-bias lines [1], enhanced quantum key distribution parameter optimization [2], quantum reinforcement learning for spectrum allocation in 6G networks [3], hybrid AI–post-quantum encryption for Internet of Medical Things (IoMT) systems [4], and measurement-consistent low-field MRI enhancement via k-space noise modeling [5] — we present a unified perspective on how quantum resources augment classical AI and how AI, in turn, accelerates the practical deployment of quantum technologies. We introduce a conceptual Quantum–AI Convergence Framework that maps hardware constraints, algorithmic opportunities, and security requirements. The analysis highlights persistent challenges in noise resilience, scalability, hybrid orchestration, and regulatory readiness, while outlining promising research directions for trustworthy quantum-enhanced intelligence.