Research status and development trends of post-combustion CO2 capture technology

Against the backdrop of global energy conservation and emission reduction, as well as China’s dual-carbon strategy of “carbon peaking and carbon neutrality”, targeted research on CO 2 capture technology suitable for different working conditions has become an increasingly important research direction. Based on the latest developments in the field of carbon capture, this paper compares the advantages, disadvantages, and application trends of absorption, adsorption, membrane separation, and supergravity technologies for CO 2 capture from post-combustion flue gas, and analyzes and summarizes the development trends of CO 2 capture technology. The technical characteristics of the major post-combustion CO 2 capture technologies are clarified. For absorption methods, the selection of absorbents is the core issue, while the optimization of reactors and operating conditions is the focus. For adsorption methods, developing adsorbents with high selectivity, high adsorption capacity, strong desorption ability, and low cost is the key to large-scale industrial application. For membrane separation technology, the main characteristics are simple and flexible operation, but improving membrane performance still requires continuous research. Overall, the characteristics, application potential, and research directions of the main capture technologies are elucidated. Although many CO 2 absorption and separation technologies have been widely researched and applied, many problems remain in specific applications, and research on new materials and solvents for CO 2 absorption and separation remains a frontier and hot topic in the field of carbon capture. From the perspective of carbon capture technology, the future development trend is likely to be the combination of two or more technologies to meet the decarbonization needs under more working conditions.