Comparison of 2 different cementless constrained acetabular component in the treatment of hip fracture of geriatric patients with cognitive/neuromuscular disorders

The purpose of this study was to compare the results of cementless total hip arthroplasty (THA) using different types of constrained acetabular components in geriatric patients with cognitive and/or neuromuscular disorders who had hip fractures. The medical data of 40 elderly patients (≥65 years) with cognitive and/or neuromuscular disorders who underwent cementless THA with a constrained acetabular component for the treatment of hip fracture were retrospectively evaluated. Patients who received an acetabular component with a peripheral locking ring (Freedom, Biomet® or Longevity, Zimmer®) were designated as group I (17 patients, 42.5% of the total study population), and patients who received the tripolar constrained acetabular component called Trident (Stryker® UK Ltd) were designated as group II (23 patients, 57.5% of the total study population). Demographic data and clinical and radiologic outcomes were evaluated for both groups. The average total length of hospital stay in group I was 11.24 days, which was significantly higher than in group II, whose average total length of hospital stay was 9.87 days. There were no significant differences in terms of the need for an additional implant, hip-related complications requiring surgery, systemic complications, or radiologic outcomes. The decrease in postoperative walking capacity was 9% in group I, while there was no change in group II. Cementless THA using a constrained acetabular component may be preferred in patients of advanced age (>65 years) with hip fracture and neuromuscular and/or cognitive impairment. However, given the retrospective design and small sample size, these findings should be interpreted with caution.