Research on the needs analysis and transformation strategies of aging-adaptation in common apps interaction design

Based on the Five Elements of User Experience theoretical model, this study investigates user needs regarding aging-adaptive modifications in the interaction design of commonly used Apps and explores the prioritization of these modification needs. A mixed-methods approach was employed: 31 demand attributes were first identified through a systematic literature review, expert consultations, and semi-structured interviews with 20 older adults; subsequently, a Kano questionnaire was administered online via the Wenjuanxing platform from February 20, 2024, to August 1, 2024, yielding 402 responses, of which 291 were valid. The sample comprised adults aged 55 and above (56.73% male; 89.69% aged 55–70), predominantly with primary-school education or below (52.92%), with the majority using smartphones for up to five hours daily (86.94%). The Kano model, hybrid analysis, and Better-Worse coefficient analysis were comprehensively applied to classify the 31 demands. The results indicate 6 Attractive quality attributes, 5 One-dimensional quality attributes, and 20 Indifferent quality attributes; notably, 4 of the Indifferent attributes also exhibit Must-be characteristics. Targeted recommendations are provided, including ensuring the supply of Must-be attributes, improving One-dimensional attributes, expanding Attractive attributes, and flexibly adjusting Indifferent attributes. A hierarchical and focused approach to aging-adaptive modification is proposed to optimize the user experience for older adults and facilitate their effective engagement with digital services.