BIM-Integrated Augmented Reality for Construction Progress Monitoring: Schedule, Economic, and Sustainability Implications

Construction progress monitoring is essential for controlling schedule deviations and supporting efficient resource management. Conventional field inspections remain indispensable in construction management; however, BIM-integrated Augmented Reality (AR) can provide an additional visual verification layer by relating planned digital information to observable site conditions. This study evaluates a BIM–AR framework for periodic structural construction progress monitoring in a real hospital project. BIM-based AR visualization was used during field inspections, while approved schedule information, floor-level working-day records, monthly concrete production data, and labor payment records provided the quantitative basis for progress assessment. The results identified temporary structural schedule deviations during intermediate floor construction; for example, cumulative actual progress reached 125 working days against a planned 119 days at the second-floor stage, while subsequent records indicated schedule recovery following management interventions. Cost records also revealed differences between planned and actual labor payments; however, these differences were treated as economic implications of the observed progress conditions rather than direct monetary savings attributable to AR. The benefits in terms of communication and decision support were assessed through field observations. From a sustainability perspective, the framework can support more resource-efficient construction management by facilitating earlier recognition of deviations and more informed corrective actions, with the potential to limit avoidable rework, schedule disruption, and inefficient resource use. The findings position BIM–AR as a complementary visual verification and decision-support tool for periodic construction progress monitoring.