Profile of Academic Leadership Positions in US Dental Schools: Current Characteristics and Comparison to 2014

INTRODUCTION: The role of department chairs in US dental schools has broadened considerably, encompassing faculty recruitment, financial oversight, and curriculum leadership. This study updates the profile of academic leaders and compares findings with a 2014 national survey. METHODS: A cross-sectional survey of department chairs, heads, and program directors at CODA-accredited US dental schools (n = 71) was conducted in 2024, to extend and update a 2014 study. Participants identified through the ADEA directory completed an online questionnaire assessing demographics, responsibilities, stressors, competencies, and professional development needs. Descriptive statistics were used to summarize responses and facilitate comparison with 2014 data. RESULTS: A total of 283 administrators responded, of whom 28.0% identified as chairs or heads. Most respondents reported working 40-60 h per week, and over half indicated that email and administrative communication accounted for a substantial portion of their time, reflecting significant administrative workload. Compared with 2014, leadership diversity increased, with women representing 41.7% of respondents (vs. 22.3%) and representation from underrepresented racial and ethnic groups also rising. Key stressors included faculty recruitment and retention, administrative burden, and institutional bureaucracy. The most highly valued competencies were time management, faculty development, and change management. The proportion of tenured leaders declined from 65% in 2014 to 34.4% in 2024. CONCLUSION: Academic administrators reported increasing administrative demands while identifying evolving leadership competencies and professional development needs. The observed gains in diversity and shifts in leadership competencies underscore the need for structured mentorship, targeted professional development, and institutional strategies that support sustainable academic leadership.