Cameron lesions and iron-deficiency anemia in patients with hiatal hernia

OBJECTIVE: To assess the effectiveness of original laparoscopic fundoplication in correction of anemic syndrome following chronic blood loss from erosive and ulcerative lesions of esophageal and gastric mucous membranes in patients with hiatal hernia. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A prospective study included 42 patients with hiatal hernia and concomitant iron-deficiency anemia who underwent fundoplication between 2023 and 2024. All patients underwent a comprehensive diagnostic algorithm including extended laboratory testing with assessment of red blood cell parameters and iron metabolism. Treatment efficacy was evaluated at 6 and 12 months postoperatively through analysis of clinical and laboratory parameters. RESULTS: Complete regression of gastroesophageal reflux disease symptoms was achieved in 39 (92.8%) patients. Six-month laboratory monitoring demonstrated normalization of hemoglobin and serum iron in 35 out of 37 patients (94.5%). Notably, normal hematological parameters were maintained at 12 months postoperatively despite no additional iron therapy during the second six-month period. This indicates a sustained clinical effect of surgical treatment and elimination of primary pathogenetic factor of anemia. CONCLUSION: Our data confirm high efficacy of surgical correction of hiatal hernia in treating refractory iron-deficiency anemia associated with Cameron lesions and emphasize the need for timely detection of this pathology to optimize treatment strategy.