Rethinking Supply Chain Performance in the Industry 5.0 Era: An Integrative Review and the SC360PM Framework

Supply chain performance (SCP) has traditionally emphasized efficiency, but recent disruptions and the transition to Industry 5.0 (I5.0), organized around the principles of human-centricity, sustainability, and resilience, have exposed the limits of this orientation. These principles redefine what supply chains must deliver, yet most frameworks treat them in isolation or subordinate them to efficiency. This study reconceptualizes SCP management for the I5.0 era through an integrative review following Whittemore and Knafl’s protocol and PRISMA 2020 reporting. A Web of Science search of peer-reviewed articles (2020–2026), two-phase screening, and supplementary citation searches yielded 55 studies. The synthesis reveals three limitations: an efficiency bias privileging financial and operational metrics; an integration gap treating the I5.0 principles separately; and a human-centric measurement gap disconnecting social and workforce outcomes from strategic performance. The Supply Chain 360° Performance Management (SC360PM) framework is introduced as a conceptual architecture ready for validation that organizes SCP into five coequal dimensions: resilience and agility; cost efficiency and financial health; sustainability and environmental responsibility; innovation and digitalization; and human-centricity and social responsibility, decomposed into eighteen attributes. SC360PM conceptualizes performance as a multidimensional model for joint management, offering researchers a structured basis for empirical validation and managers a pathway toward viability-oriented performance governance.