Long-term longitudinal evaluation of the sele s128r polymorphism and serum E-selectin levels in autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease

Autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) is characterized by progressive cyst formation and kidney enlargement, ultimately leading to chronic kidney disease. Although E-selectin has been implicated in endothelial activation and inflammation, the long-term associations of serum E-selectin levels and the SELE S128R (rs5361) polymorphism with ADPKD progression remain unclear. The aim of this study was to evaluate the associations of baseline serum E-selectin levels and the SELE S128R polymorphism with long-term structural and functional disease progression in patients with ADPKD. In this longitudinal study, 20 patients with ADPKD who had complete 10-year follow-up data from an initial cohort of 76 patients were included. Clinical, biochemical, and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) data obtained at baseline and after approximately 10 years were compared. Total kidney volume (TKV), height-adjusted total kidney volume (htTKV), and dominant renal cyst volume were evaluated using MRI. The Mayo Imaging Classification was used for prognostic risk assessment when baseline classification was available. Serum E-selectin levels were measured using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) method, and the SELE S128R gene polymorphism was analyzed using the polymerase chain reaction–restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) method. Patients were grouped according to AA and AC + CC genotypes. During the approximately 10-year follow-up, TKV and htTKV significantly increased ( p = 0.001 for both), whereas renal function worsened, as demonstrated by a significant increase in serum creatinine ( p = 0.022) and decline in eGFR ( p = 0.002). Left dominant cyst volume also increased significantly ( p = 0.013). Serum E-selectin levels did not change significantly over time. No significant differences were observed between the AA and AC + CC genotype groups in terms of imaging or biochemical parameters at baseline or at follow-up. Within the AA genotype group, TKV and htTKV showed significant increases over time (p = 0.008 for both), and nominally significant changes were also observed in serum creatinine (p = 0.023), eGFR (p = 0.009), and parathyroid hormone (PTH) levels (p = 0.021). However, these within-group changes were not significantly different from those observed in the AC + CC group. Neither the SELE S128R polymorphism nor baseline serum E-selectin levels was significantly associated with changes in TKV, htTKV, dominant cyst volume, or eGFR.